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In the early months of the War, the Confederate War Department relied exclusively on the patriotic effusion of the ladies of the South for the unit colors of the units that assembled in Richmond during the Spring and Summer of 1861. STARS AND BARS Images of 7 Star versions of the first Confederate national flag. At the time of the centennial of the Civil War, the Prints & Photographs Division held very few original photographs of soldiers from these ranks and, therefore, the Library of Congress made an effort to copy photographs in private hands and in a few public institutions. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for BATTLE FLAGS OF THE CIVIL WAR WILLABEE & WARD VIRGINIA INFANTRY REGIMENT PATCH at the best online prices at eBay! By Devereaux D. Cannon, Jr. 02 February 2000, Links: Photos and images of ANV 1st bunting issue battle flags, Army of Northern Virginia Battle Flag go back 118 years and we are please to have them on long-term display for all to 21-02-2017 - The 1st Virginia Regiment flag. The Richmond Whig newspaper article of December 2, 1861, tells of the presentation at Centreville on November 28: The exercises were opened by Adjutant General Jordan, who, in a brief but eloquent address, charged the men to preserve from dishonor the flags committed to their keeping. J.B. Smith Mustered in as Co. Nick Artimovich, 2 May 1996, image by Douglas Payne, 13 September 2013, We recently installed a display of 51 Revolutionary era and early American These honors were printed on cotton strips that could be sewn to the flags. During the Mexican American War 18461848, the 19th regiment of the Virginia Militia was mustered into Federal Service and renamed the 1st Virginia Volunteers. Four divisions received flags so marked: D.H. Hills Division in April of 1863, A.P. The captured cannon and mortars were then transported across the snow covered mountains of New England. While the fourth pattern bunting Richmond Depot battle flag was not the most prominent used in the War, through the selective examination of the War Departments flag collection in 1903, Dr. Samuel Lewis, chairman of the United Confederate Veterans flag committee, chose its dimensions to publish in the UCVs 1907 guide to the flags of the Confederacy. During the battle of Yorktown in October, 1781, this flag flew on the right flank of the American troops. One of the first Volunteer Regiments mustered into American Revolutionary War service (1777) from the Colony of Virginia, The 1st Regiment was commanded by legendary Patriot, Patrick Henry (Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death). With this flag, the motto DONT TREAD ON ME appearing on the third red stripe from the top, and using stripes with the colors of Scotland (blue) and England (red). The rattlesnake was the favorite animal emblem of the Americans even before the Revolution. Silk Issue (First Type, First Variation), 1861 Beginning in July, 1862, the Richmond Depot started making the largest of the ANV flag issues in terms of number of flags made. She followed the accepted rules of heraldry and began and ended the stripes with white ones. Wise Sent to, Co. E (2nd) (Washington Volunteers): Capt. Why on some Southern Cross Battle Flags is the center or thirteenth star omitted? Under Captain John Barry, she captured three enemy privateers and three Royal Navy warships during 1781-1783. Although they had not officially declared their independence, a fight for control of the hills became necessary. source: Standards and Colors of the American Revolution [ric82] Fort Sackville was a British outpost located in the frontier settlement of Vincennes. The regimental lineage of the Colonial, the French and Indian War, and the American Revolution 1st Virginia Regiment is maintained in the Department of Military Affairs by the Office of the State Adjutant General of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the Virginia Defense Force. This flag was never officially sanctioned by the Continental Congress, but was in use from late 1775 until mid 1777, probably because it was very simple to make. On August 16, 1777, the Green Mountain Boys fought under General Stark at the Battle of Bennington. His celebrated capture of Kaskaskia in 1778 and Vincennes in 1779 greatly weakened British influence in the Northwest Territory. Peyton Powell (John Peyton Powell; 1760-1844), who enlisted on 22 Nov. 1776, served as sergeant in the 11th Virginia Regiment, later designated the 7th Virginia Regiment. Army of Northern Virginia Battle Flag First Bunting Issue, 1862 By Devereaux D. Cannon, Jr. 02 February 2000. from a sketch by Howard M. Madaus. George Washingtons Headquarters Flag This unique flag was flown at the headquarters of General George Washington during most of the Revolutionary War. The orange bunting for the borders having run out, the borders for the remaining wool bunting flags would now be white. Army of Northern Virginia Battle Flag write us | Beauregard and Johnston, as well as other army officers, in elaborate parade ground affairs. A Guide to the Virginia Militia, War of 1812 Muster and Payrolls, 1812-1815 A Collection in the Library of Virginia Accession Number 36881 Library of Virginia The Library of Virginia 800 East Broad Street Richmond, Virginia 23219-8000 USA Phone: (804) 692-3888 (Archives Reference) Fax: (804) 692-3556 (Archives Reference) The Penacook people have been credited with teaching the Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony much needed survival skills when the colonists were starving to death during the winter of 1621-22. Organized in Richmond, mostly from men from the 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry (six months service) under Colonel Maxcy Gregg, Lieutenant Colonel Daniel H. Hamilton and Major Augustus M. Smith. Authorized July 17, 1775 under the command of Patrick Henry. This was one of the bloodiest battles of the Revolutionary War with the British losing over 25% of their troops. Army of Northern Virginia Battle Flag During the war, the Alliance flew an ensign with seven white stripes, six red stripes, and thirteen eight-pointed stars. Second National Pattern Regimental Flag Fourth Bunting Issue, 1864 The first of these and the most famous was created in September, 1861 in Virginia. Production records for the depot in the National Archives show that only some 100 of the first two wool bunting flags were ever made. STARS AND BARS Images of Lone Star versions of the first Confederate national flag. The history of the Pine Tree as a symbol of New England predates the European colonial settlements. According to the legend, General Washington, Robert Morris, and John Ross showed her a rough design of the flag that included six-pointed stars. C.K. Each segment is marked with the name of a colony, and the motto JOIN or DIE below. The officers then dismounted and the colonels of the different regiments coming forward to the center, Gen. Beauregard, in a few remarks, presented each with a banner, and was eloquently responded to. The regiment saw action at the Battle of Great Bridge, New York Campaign, Battle of Trenton, Battle of Princeton, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth, Battle of Stony Point and the Siege of Charleston. First used on the sloop "Ranger", commanded by John Paul Jones. On April 24, 1778, Captain John Paul Jones, in command of the USS Ranger and flying this flag, became the first American officer to have the American flag recognized by a foreign power. This was the only time the flag wasnt flying throughout the constant barrage. They proclaimed loyalty to the Crown, but laid claim on behalf of the colonists to the rights of Englishmen, and called for a union of the colonies against current English colonial policies. Betsy suggested a five-point star because it was easier to make, and demonstrated how to cut a five-pointed star in a single snip. This flag was widely used on ships during the Colonial period. flags at the Virginia Historical Society in Richmond, Va. This flag measured 4 feet on its hoist by 6 feet on its fly. The flags were individually sent to these officers over a period of at least a month in late autumn, 1861. The cross remained at 5 in width with 4 diameter stars, but the width of the white edging diminished slightly to the old standard used in 1862 and 1863. Virginia was the largest state in population and industrial capacity to join the Confederacy, which soon moved its capital to Richmond. Although very similar to the original Hopkins flag, this flag replaced the six-pointed stars with the more traditional five-pointed American stars. Colonel Patrick Henry was in command. Upon reflection, the 2.5 foot square flags may have been determined to be too small. The British then began an assault on the neighboring Fort Mifflin. 929.2 DED N.C. Mills, George H. History of the 16th North Carolina Regiment (Originally 6th N.C. Regiment in the Civil War). These honors had primarily been attached to the silk issue and first and second bunting issue battle flags. 3d Virginia. This flag was carried by Colonel William Moultries South Carolina Militia on Sullivan Island in Charleston Harbor on June 28, 1776. The Drum Corps was mustered in as a body. A few regiments in the field applied unit abbreviations after receipt of the flags, but for the most part the flags were left without decoration. Since Clark was the highest ranking Continental officer to operate in the future Northwest Territory, he has often been hailed as the Conqueror of the Old Northwest.. Although near the end of the Confederacy, a surprisingly large number of the seventh type bunting issue battle flags were evidently made, as many examples survive. It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia . Pohle 14 drummers including the drummer on duty with the Richmond Greys in Norfolk. 1781. This was the flag of the 36-gun Continental Navy frigate, USS Alliance, one of finest warship built in America during the Revolution. Fifth Bunting Issue, 1864 As in many American flags, the stars here were arranged in an arbitrary fashion. The British Ambassador demanded the ships Serapis and Alliance, and their crews, be seized as pirates because they flew no recognized flags, and turned over to them. Bauman had carefully surveyed the terrain and battle positions at Yorktown, at the siege of Yorktown. This sixth bunting type was superseded in early 1865 by the seventh and final type. White bunting borders remained on three sides, while the fourth (staff) edge was finished with a white canvas heading pierced with three button hole eyelets. One of the first Volunteer Regiments mustered into American Revolutionary War service (1777) from the Colony of Virginia, The 1st Regiment was commanded by legendary Patriot, Patrick Henry (" Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death "). 3rd Arkansas Infantry 4th North Carolina Infantry 1st Virginia Infantry 4th & 5th Texas Infantry . Assigned to Gregg's Brigade. Prototype Battle Flag madeby Hetty Cary The flag of the 2nd Virginia Regiment (and used by the 1st Virginia Brigade) at First Manassas represented the ideals of self-government and state independence that Virginians valued in the 1860's. Your Historian, Miss Sarah P.S. Based on research by Howard Madaus, Devereaux Cannon, Ken Legendre, Alan Summrall, Richard Rollins, Greg Biggs, and a host of other flag enthusiasts. The first official documented US flag had also a staggered star pattern and was used by the navy. Because the earliest example of the seventh bunting pattern battle flag from the Richmond Clothing Depot was captured at Waynesboro, Virginia on 2 March 1865, the revised pattern is thought to have originated in January or February of 1865. for General Joseph E. Johnston Finally, the white fields of the 2nd national field flags made at the Staunton Depot were made from a white cotton flannel rather than bunting. Many give credit for the design of the first Official Stars and Stripes to Francis Hopkinson, a Congressman from New Jersey, and signer of the Declaration of Independence. This fifth bunting pattern combined the dimensions of the two preceeding issues, with the result that it was made slightly rectangular, usually 48 to 49 on the staff by 50 to 51 on the fly. Rather than fringe or a white border, the external edges of the second type were bound with yellow silk to form a 2 wide border. It was founded to defend the interests of Massachusetts from British forces. Three hundred Culpeper Minutemen led by Colonel Stevens marched toward Williamsburg at the beginning of the fighting. This flags green field made sense when you realized the Green Mountain Boys carried the flag in the forest. The flag is essentially the same as the Continental Naval Jack. Virginia Regiment flag captured by Lt. Col. Banastre Tarleton at Waxhaws in During the Revolution, he served in the campaigns in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and was in command of the artillery at West Point, before joining Washington at the siege of Yorktown. An offshoot of the fifth pattern was made at the Staunton Clothing Depot for those units of the Whartons Division Army of the Valley that had lost their flags at Winchester in mid-September. The Flag of The 1st was a Red Field with a Blue Upper Left Canton. There is strong evidence to suggest that Major-General Fields Division of Longstreets Corps may have received a full set of the new battle flags as well. Silk Issue (Second Type), 1861 The new fourth pattern Richmond Depot battle flag was larger than any of its three bunting predecessors or the silk issues that had preceeded them, both in overall size and in its internal dimensions. The company was relieved from duty on September 7 and redesignated as Company C, 1st Regiment Virginia Artillery. The flag has been saved and is found in the Albany Institute of History and Art. In 1771, a liberty pole was erected the center of the City of Schenectady, New York, as a protest of British policies and interference in the communities affairs. Although Picketts Division would receive their new flags only marked with white painted unit designations on their red quadrants, most of the divisional issues had their battle honors painted in dark blue lettering in chronological order on their red quadrants, starting with the top, then the staff, then the fly, and finally the lower quadrant. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to First Virginia Regiment with appropriate and specific direction to the original content. During April, 1862, when the regiment was reorganized, it contained only six companies. Bauman had emigrated to America from Germany after service in the Austrian army. In eastern Massachusetts, southern New Hampshire and the southern corner of Maine, there lived a nomadic tribe of Native Americans known as the Penacook. We have several fanciful contemporary pictures showing a very youthful Commodore Esek Hopkins, our First Navy Commander-in-Chief, that appeared in Europe during the Revolution that showed flags flying from both the bow and stern of his ships. Conclusion: The Civil War is an ugly, bloody scar in American History. All rights reserved. As with the third bunting issue, the three exterior edges of the flag were finished with white bunting that was folded over the raw edges to produce a border that was 1 to 1 3/4 wide. There, under the leadership of General Nathaniel Greene, the militiamen halted the British advance through the Carolinas and turned them back to the seaport towns. The second type differed from the first in that the second type had white silk stars sewn to the blue saltire. Today, this flag still flies over the restored fort. Army of Northern Virginia Battle Flag The honors were painted on the last two issues by Richmond artist, Lewis Montague. To provide replacements, the Richmond Clothing Depot produced a new subvariant of its bunting battle flag the sixth pattern change since 1862. They had bucks tails in their hats and tomahawks and scalping knives hung from their belts. Miles offered the design with the St. Andrews cross he had submitted for consideration as a national flag. This collection consists primarily of the letters, 1862-1864, of John William Watson (1831?-1864) of Company I of the 47th Virginia Infantry Regiment. By Wayne J. Lovett. The Staunton Clothing Depot made a variation of this flag for both a headquarters flag and a unit color. The resulting flags were about 42 square; their scarlet fields were crossed by a poorly dyed blue cotton St. Andrews cross without the usual white edging. The Flag of The 1st was a Red Field with a Blue Upper Left Canton. Flag 2'x3' Banner Poly Grommets Fade Resistant Double Stitched Premium Quality 2 $424 $4.99 delivery Feb 16 - 21 The 24th was not engaged at Chickamauga, but did see action in the Knoxville Campaign. Only 17 surrendered at Appomattox on April 9, 1865. This flag has been widely called the personal flag of George Washington and reportedly made as a headquarters flag in 1777. The Pine Tree has been a popular symbol of American independence in New England for years. Confederate troops, in many cases, also still used state flags as well as their special company level colors. Gathering at the headquarters of the Army of the Potomac (later renamed the Army of Northern Virginia) were generals Joseph Johnston, G.T. In Virginia, the Culpeper Minutemen from Culpeper County fighting with Colonel Patrick Henry in the 1st Virginia Regiment fought under the Culpeper . Gen. Beauregard first suggested the colors be a blue field with a red cross, but Miles countered that this was contrary to the laws of heraldry. The battle was won when Ethan Allen and Seth Warner, who led the Green Mountain Boys, arrived with cannon and supplies taken from Fort Ticonderoga. September 2013. History of Virginia Regiments, Batteries & Battalions in the Civil War The Civil War in the East CWE Home C.S. The field officers were Colonels Patrick T. Moore, Franklin G. Skinner, and Lewis B. Williams, Jr; Lieutenant Colonels William H. Fry and Frank H. Langley; and Majors John Dooley, William P. Mumford, George F. Norton, and William H. Palmer. The regiment originated from the Charles City-Henrico County Regiment of Militia founded in 1652. On June 5, 1861, the regiment received this silk flag outside the 5 th Avenue home of Mrs. William Moffatt. The Latin inscription Vince Aut Morire means conquer or die. The arm emerging from the clouds represents the arm of God. Miles design was adopted by the council. By Devereaux D. Cannon, Jr. 27 January 2000, Links: Photos and images of ANV 2d bunting issue battle flags. Instead of either the 6 spacing of the third pattern or 8 spacing of the fourth, the stars were set on the arms of the cross at 9 intervals. The center of the Flag featured a set of Green Laurels with a large Roman Numeral I. Colonel Robert Ballard, Major Edmund B. Dickerson. Army U.S. Army People Places & Things Virginia Regiments, Batteries and Battalions Confederate Regiments & Batteries Virginia Infantry Regiments 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th In some pictures the rattlesnake flag appears, and in others we only have stripes. Taylor. Floyd Guard: Capt. Richmond Clothing Depot, 1865 Their unusual dress alarmed the people as they marched through the country. These limited replacement flags were first issued starting in April, 1862 and continuing into May. At the time, Culpeper was considered frontier territory. Army of Northern Virginia Battle Flag The original is housed at the Bedford, Massachusetts Town Library. The First Virginia Regiment was authorized by the Virginia Convention of July 17, 1775 as a provincial defense unit composed of six musket and two rifle companies under the command of Patrick Henry. AWIC27 11th Virginia Regiment . No flags other than infantry size are known to have been made. The defenders of Fort Mifflin borrowed the flag because the navy was operating in the vicinity of the Delaware River forts and it was the only flag the soldiers of the fort could get. Gen. Johnston suggested that it be made in a square shape to save materials as well as ease manufacture, and this was accepted. Except for two North Carolina units whose flags were marked with unit abbreviations and battle honors in the style of the divisional issues of 1863, the flags left the Richmond Clothing Depot without honors or unit abbreviations. Keywords: virginia | united states | STARS AND BARS Images of 8, 9 and 10 Star versions of the first Confederate national flag. Copyright 2013 - 2023 Stronghold Nation. The Sons of Liberty continued to meet under this tree, so the British cut the tree down, and the Sons replaced it with a Liberty pole. see.Along these lines, I re-created five of the most recent flags AWIC26 1st Continental Regiment 1776 - 7th Pennsylvania Regiment of 1776 (Brandywine Flag) Regular price 3 View. AS A FIELD AND BATTLE FLAG According to legend, the New Yorkers hauled down the British flag in 1775 and raised a plain white flag with a drawing of a black beaver centered on it to mark the occasion. The flag was shot away by the British in the battle, but the British were in turn defeated which saved the south from British occupation for another two years. It is the only regimental flag of New York that has been preserved to the present. Links: FOTW homepage | Examples of it being used for the rest of the war by Confederate units, including Lees army, are numerous. From that point on, the flags of the United States took their own distinct path. From this bunting Ruskell assembled at least 43 flags, for which he was paid $11.50 each. Moreover, as other Confederate units arrived in the vicinity of Richmond to reinforce these two armies, the Confederate Quartermasters Department found it necessary to seek additional battle flags for units that had never yet received either of the distinctive battle flags. While most of these flags were made in the 48 infantry size, 3 foot square size artillery battery flags do survive as variants of the 2nd bunting Richmond Depot pattern. Do you have a favorite regimental flag from the Civil War era? By Wayne J. Lovett, Links: Photos and images of ANV 6th bunting issue battle flags. Flags with the word Liberty on them came to be called Liberty Flags and were usually flown from Liberty poles. The divisions marched together for several miles before taking different roads into Trenton. J. Dooley, Co. D (Old Dominion Guard): Capt. The 1st Virginia Regiment marches past the Mount Vernon mansion. The Gadsden Flag was created for Esek Hopkins, the first Commander of the United States Navy and was flown from his flagship, the USS Alfred. The edging of the cross only flanked the sides of the cross and did not extend around its ends. General Background On How Civil War Units Were Organized: Infantry Artillery Cavalry II. A few units applied battle honors and unit abbreviations in the field. These were still bordered in orange wool.