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This opens a new window to Michigan Techs UPSeis informational site about earthquakes and seismology. A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D aqmd. Make changes to the sample. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Do you agree with this alignment? The arrival of seismic waves will be recognized by an increase in amplitude look for a pattern change as lines get taller and more closely spaced (ex. 0000001562 00000 n (Figure 3):. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Section A - Operator Information 1. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. travel time for P waves. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 distance from transducer to the focal point. Figure 1 is a simplified example of a What types of engineers might use this data the most? Mr Gneiss. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." How might they use this information? Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! Figure 2. Subject Areas: 0000007783 00000 n To complete the activity, some prior . endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. (Grades 9 - 12). Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. HlRnQ?R\>BjK' P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . minutes? Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. Do you agree with this alignment? The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? 0000005081 00000 n 0000001675 00000 n Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. The process is called triangulation. 61 0 obj <> endobj xref The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people. Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. (Source: USGS). Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. What is an earthquake? Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Content Outline Earthquakes For Teaching - Mrs. Parsiola's Homepage, Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers, Earthquake Facts & Worksheets | Mechanism, Impact, Events, Quiz & Worksheet - Causes Of Earthquakes - Study.com, 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key | PDF - Scribd, Bill Nye-The Science Guy * - Biloxi Public Schools, psc plus two level preliminary exam syllabus pdf 2023, first tuesday real estate principles exam answers, ies exam pattern for mechanical engineering, resultados examen practico dgt las palmas, exame de sangue precisa de quanto tempo de jejum, sslc question paper 2023 karnataka pdf with answers social science, examen de formacion civica y etica tercer grado secundaria, ctet exam date 2023 application form last date, why is it important to do self breast exams, quanto tempo depois de infectado pelo hiv aparece no exame. Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." Learn from this informative and clear video.Brought you by award-winning Once each student has constructed his or her circle on the map, mark with an X, the epicenter of the earthquake. HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. hbb2b`b``a I @ endstream endobj 62 0 obj <>/Metadata 55 0 R/Pages 51 0 R/StructTreeRoot 57 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 63 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 64 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 65 0 obj <> endobj 66 0 obj <> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. (Grades 6 - 8). Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. lag time. ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream 2. long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. Do limits exist on what science can predict? How does the Mad Scientist. epicenter, the longer the lag time measured MS-ESS3-2. To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. 0000031066 00000 n 3000 miles. (from left to right). Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. What data is used to determine magnitude? First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. epicenter of an earthquake, how All the arcs should intersect at a common point - the epicenter. Use this information to complete the following. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. As the drum rotated, the S waves. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? 0000001746 00000 n hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! The Earthquakes Living Lab gives students the chance to track earthquakes across the planet and examine where, why and how they are occurring. X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? Figure 8. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. Thanks for your feedback! The seismometers are shown as green dots. Many updates and improvements! The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. 0000115324 00000 n Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Then do the same for the S-wave. How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? 0000005149 00000 n The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. 9 - Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. 0000001736 00000 n To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. 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Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. Thanks for your feedback! minutes and P waves 8 minutes to 0000001893 00000 n The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. minute apart, represent the passage of time Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. Share with Classes. 0000053998 00000 n Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q 9 - However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. d>(ZvO= How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. endstream endobj startxref 9 - Details. 0000002094 00000 n 2. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. located 1,000 miles from the question 1 of 3. Three seismographs are needed. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. Looking at the nomogram, students click on each location data point to see where the three lines intersect to read the estimated magnitude. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. 0000055643 00000 n 0000004769 00000 n Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. Focal Depth. Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. earthquake. Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. Show students some of the numerous online animations comparing the movements of P and S waves. 1. 0000078169 00000 n In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. 1. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Zip. At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. waves from a distant earthquake. surface wave? This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Last modified July 18, 2012. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. For example, 9 - use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the Add to FlexBook Textbook. 0000002507 00000 n 0000003254 00000 n longer or shorter). 0000106240 00000 n Do you agree with this alignment? Finding the Epicenter. Copyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) Legal. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. 0000006984 00000 n Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. When an earthquake strikes, P waves arrive at a seismograph rst and S waves next. Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. Upload a document. Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream How far do S waves travel in 5 The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. Use this information to complete the following. 1. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. 0000006011 00000 n Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. [N'. 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . The distance is in kilometers.