For each of the following cases, determine whether the cycle operates reversibly, operates irreversibly, or is impossible. Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Diffusion is the movement when molecules move from higher concentrated area to lower concentrated area. a.QH=500kW,QC=100kWb.QH=500kW,Wcycle=250kW,QC=200kWc.Wcycle=350kW,QC=150kWd.QH=500kW,QC=200kW\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. } Active transport works by using a phosphate group from ATP to change the shape of the protein and thus do work. The cell membrane has pores that let only water and glucose into the cell and carbon dioxide out. Diffusion is an important part of many biological and chemical processes. So something must protect the cell and allow it to survive in its water-based environment. In the context of the Second Agricultural Revolution, which of the following trends is represented in these images? Do you think the temperature of the food coloring might have an effect on how it diffuses? 266X15aX+baY+32b. Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange? Some molecules can go through the cell membrane to enter and leave the cell, but some cannot. For instance, in the example about the diffusion of iodine gas, if the crucible is placed in another closed container and iodine crystals are heated for an extended period of time, the rate at which the purple gas seems to disappear at the mouth of the crucible will reduce. http://physrev.physiology.org/content/91/2/733, https://phys.org/news/2013-10-mechanism-sodium-potassium-revealed.html. Which of the following best explains a negative economic consequence of the Green Revolution in less developed countries as compared to more developed countries? Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 14 & 15 Hw/Qui, Subject pronouns and at verb's conjugation ch, Mastering A&P Chapter 3 - Cells: The Living U, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations, Jean Phillips, Ricky W. Griffin, Stanley Gully. Direct link to priciaauy's post why wouldnt cells use atp, Posted 4 years ago. Which of the following scenarios best explains the Columbian Exchange? (Show the details. Just like the first cup, the sugar is the solute, and the water is the solvent. Which statement displays the address of the variable num1? If you find an example of where hot or cold water is used for something that might involve diffusion, see if you can try it with the opposite and observe any differences in the results. While they are confined to the smaller surface area within the crucible, the rate of diffusion remains low. Never needs the presence of any other molecule C. Diffusion of every molecule is dependent on its concentration gradient and independent of the concentration of other molecular species in the medium D. All of the above, 2. Simple diagram of a symporter (carrying two molecules in the same direction) and an antiporter (carrying two molecules in opposite directions). Which cell junctions prevent substances from passing between adjacent cells? Simple diffusion can be disrupted if the diffusion distance is increased. Which of the following best explains the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication? In any system, molecules are moving with a certain amount of kinetic energy. The liver is an organ that can synthesize lipids, such as cholesterol, and detoxify poisons, such as alcohol. Posted 7 years ago. Each of these factors, independently and collectively can alter the rate and extent of diffusion. While science experiments at home are exciting ways to learn about science hands-on, please note that some may require participants to take extra safety precautions and/or make a mess. A Diffusion provides encryption strength, while confusion provides data integrity B. Diffusion provides function integrity, while confusion provides encryption confidentiality. A. smooth endoplasmic reticulum 1) The "sodium/glucose symporter", known as SGLT (sodium glucose linked transporter), receives the energy needed to perform its transport from the electrochemical gradient established by the sodium/potassium pump. Na+. In fact, cells spend much of the energy they harvest in metabolism to keep their active transport processes running. are in the same box the next time you log in. Make sure to remember your password. to send you a reset link. Explain why and how passive transport occurs; Understand the processes of osmosis and diffusion; Define tonicity and describe its relevance to passive transport; Plasma membranes must allow certain substances to enter and leave a cell, while preventing harmful material from entering and essential material from leaving. Since they are relatively large openings in the plasma membrane, these integral membrane proteins also have high specificity. Which of the following best explains how a wheat farmer in the Northern Plains region of the United States is able to maximize profits? What do you predict will happen to the person's cells? In comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration, the solution with the higher solute concentration is hypertonic, and the solution with the lower solute concentration is hypotonic. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration. Agricultural settlement patterns are partly determined by the survey system used to organize landownership. C. Secondary active transport occurs when the movement of one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance. Explain the components present in a phospholipid. Direct link to long pham's post if there are more Potassi, Posted 6 years ago. The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient's blood. Passive transport is a way that small molecules or ions move across the cell membrane without input of energy by the cell. Grocery stores sell oranges that are grown in locations with similar climates but different growing seasons. The pump is now back to where it was in step 1, and the cycle can begin again. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? Which of the following best explains this change? In less developed countries, pesticides are typically applied by hand, whereas pesticides are typically applied by tractors or aircraft in more developed countries. Though water is a polar molecule, it can also diffuse through the plasma membrane. This process takes place in the following steps: To begin, the pump is open to the inside of the cell. The rate of this movement depends on the energy of the molecules. Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? a.QH=500kW,QC=100kWb.QH=500kW,Wcycle=250kW,QC=200kWc.Wcycle=350kW,QC=150kWd.QH=500kW,QC=200kW, Find a real general solution of the following systems. Predict behavior of blood cells in different solution types. The township-and-range survey system was based on a geometric grid pattern, while the long-lot system was a rectilinear pattern based upon waterways or roads. Simple diffusion is relevant in chemical reactions, in many physical phenomena, and can even influence global weather patterns and geological events. The images shown illustrate a change that took place as the Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution. Be sure to clean up when you are done. A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is ________ to the cell. Background. Put it in freshwater, and the freshwater will, through osmosis, enter the fish, causing its cells to swell, and the fish will die. Animal cells tend to do best in an isotonic environment, where the flow of water in and out of the cell is occurring at equal rates. Wipe up any spills that may have happened. Which of the following best explains the process illustrated by the image? Question 16 30 seconds Q. Can't that serve the same role? A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the extracellular fluid. At 3M, we discover and innovate in nearly every industry to help solve problems around the world. This process requires some form of chemical energy. In class, do you typically sit evenly spaced or all scrunched together? To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. A. synthesize proteins Incorrect options: Option A is incorrect because space-time compression is the shortened time or communication between two places. Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. solute: a substance dissolved in another to form a solution. Direct link to Dovid Shaw's post how does the antiporter p, Posted 7 years ago. Which of the following is not a major function of proteins in the cell membrane? movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? This page titled 8.4: Osmosis and Diffusion is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by CK-12 Foundation. The tonicity of the IV fluid doesn't matterthe patient won't be in the operating room that long so any tonicity would be OK for a couple of hours. And sodium is highly concentrated outside of the cell, so that's where it goes during active transport considering it is low to high concentration. A number of colonies were established and settled by people from Great Britain. this is in relation to the electrochemical gradient section. The phospholipid tails are ________, which make the plasma membrane impermeable to water. Electrochemical gradients and the membrane potential. answer choices The English language initially diffused to North America through the process of relocation diffusion. No, because the potassium is highly concentrated in the cell, and so that's where the molecules must go(based on active transport going low concentration to high concentration). In facilitated diffusion, molecules only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane. Secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell through a protein channel with its concentration gradient. Solution A contains 1% glucose, solution B contains 5% glucose. C. The IV fluid should be hypertonic to the patient's blood. Which of the following best explains why in the model the amount of land used for dairying is much smaller than the pasture used for beef cattle? Typically, diffusion refers to the movement of molecules from high concentrations to lower concentrations. If a person is severely dehydrated, their extracellular fluids will become hypertonic to the intracellular fluid. This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. All the ways scientists do investigations. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until both solutions are isotonic. This occurs because there is a net movement of sugar molecules into the water medium. Based on the different types of land use shown in the image, which of the following best explains why soil salinization is a concern in the arid landscape shown? The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient's blood. In each cycle, three sodium ions exit the cell, while two potassium ions enter. Which of the following best explains diffusion? For example, if a block of dry ice (carbon dioxide in solid form) is placed inside a box, carbon dioxide molecules in the center of the block mostly collide with each other and get retained within the solid mass. By the time blood flows into capillaries in the muscle or liver, for instance, there is only a single layer of cells separating this oxygen from hepatocytes or skeletal muscle fibers.